Monolith - An application with layers of features and redundant logic translated into thousands of lines of code, written in a single, not so modern programming language, based on outdated software architecture patterns and principles.
New features and improvements added to code complexity make development more challenging - loading, compiling, and building times increase with every new update. However, there is some ease in administration as the application is running on a single server, ideally a Virtual Machine or a Mainframe.
A monolith is expensive to maintain because the hardware to meet the compute, memory, storage, and networking requirements is complex and pricey due to continuous growth of software.
Scaling a monolith application requires manually deploying a new instance of the application on another server behind a load balancing appliance.
During upgrades, patches, or migrations of the monolith application - downtimes occur and maintenance windows have to be planned as disruptions in service are expected to impact clients.
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